 O  |
| Obstruction |
|
Getting in the way of an opponent who's chasing the ball. Also called blocking.
|
|
| Offside |
|
A violation committed when a player crosses the gain line during a lineout, maul, ruck, or scrum before it has been completed, or when a player is in front of the ball while it is played by a teammate. A penalty is called if an offside player then plays the ball, obstructs or tackles an opponent, or is within 10 meters of an opponent waiting for the ball. The other side is awarded a penalty kick from the spot of infringement or a scrum at the place where the offending side last played the ball. See also accidentally offside.
|
|
|
|
| Out of Bounds |
|
The ball is out of bounds when it crosses a touch-line or a dead-ball line.
|
|
|
|
|
|
